Preliminary studies for the removal of carbonate deposits from painted ceramics using chemical solutions

Águeda Sáenz-Martínez; Francisco José Collado-Montero; Josefa Capel-Martínez

doi:10.14568/cp26050

Autores

Águeda Sáenz-Martínez Department of Painting and Conservation-Restoration, Faculty of Fine Arts, Complutense University of Madrid, Pintor el Greco Street 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5929-7393
Francisco José Collado-Montero Department of Painting, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Granada, Periodista Eugenio Selles Street s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-2187
Josefa Capel-Martínez Department of Prehistory and Archaeology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Granada, Prof. Clavera Street s/n, 18011, Granada, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-4975

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14568/cp26050

Palavras-chave:

Tratamentos de limpeza, Cerâmicas arqueológicas, Decoração Ibérica pintada, SEM-EDS, Ciências da conservação

Resumo

Este estudo analisa as alterações que ocorrem nas cerâmicas arqueológicas pintadas após tratamentos de limpeza, diretos e indiretos, usados para remover depósitos de carbonato. Nove cacos ibéricos descontextualizados de Los Villares de Andújar (Jaén, Espanha) foram documentados por: exame macroscópico, fotografia digital, microscopia ótica e SEM-EDS. Foi aplicada massa de cal [Ca(OH)₂] nas superfícies cerâmicas para gerar os depósitos; posteriormente foram efetuados vários tratamentos de limpeza e finalmente, documentaram-se as alterações resultantes dos tratamentos de limpeza, utilizando as mesmas técnicas e procedimentos. A porosidade dos fragmentos teve grande influência no ajuste dos tratamentos de limpeza. Os tratamentos com EDTA aplicados por cataplasma de pasta de celulose foram mais eficientes nas zonas pintadas do que por imersão, enquanto que as soluções de ácido nítrico alteraram tanto as policromias como as superfícies cerâmicas, independentemente do método de aplicação. A resina de permuta iónica, aplicada diretamente, apresentou resultados promissores nas zonas não coloridas.

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