Aplicação de sensores pH para conservação preventiva nas reservas do Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (Madrid)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14568/cp25721Palavras-chave:
Coleções museológicas, Conservação preventiva, Ambiente, Sensores sol-gel, Resposta ótica, Poluição ácidaResumo
A monitorização ambiental é essencial para a preservação adequada dos materiais naturais nos museus, tanto em salas de exposição como em reserva. Os materiais naturais deterioram--se quando ocorrem desvios das condições neutras de pH, decorrentes de poluição, visitantes, intervenções não profissionais, condições inadequadas de armazenamento, catástrofes ou vandalismo. Desta forma, é importante existirem técnicas simples para medir a quantidade de compostos ácidos ou alcalinos na atmosfera de um museu, especialmente nas reservas, onde os objetos são mantidos por longos períodos. No presente estudo, foram sintetizados e aplicados sensores de pH sol-gel para monitorização das reservas do Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid (Espanha), ao longo de um ano. A maioria dos sistemas de acondicionamento monitorizados mantiveram um pH neutro, no entanto alguns apresentaram-se ligeiramente ácidos. Estas condições ácidas podem favorecer reações de deterioração química nos materiais orgânicos dos animais naturalizados, bem como causar corrosão ácida em minerais e componentes inorgânicos dos objetos.
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